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Created: June 10, 2013
Last Updated: January 9, 2019
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When Is Quarantine a Useful Control Strategy?
http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/163/5/479.full
ABSTRACT: The isolation and treatment of symptomatic individuals, coupled with the quarantining of individuals that have a high risk of having been infected, constitute two commonly used epidemic control measures. Although isolation is probably always a desirable public health measure, quarantine is more controversial. Mass quarantine can inflict significant social, psychological, and economic costs without resulting in the detection of many infected individuals. The authors use probabilistic models to determine the conditions under which quarantine is expected to be useful. Results demonstrate that the number of infections averted (per initially infected individual) through the use of quarantine is expected to be very low provided that isolation is effective, but it increases abruptly and at an accelerating rate as the effectiveness of isolation diminishes. When isolation is ineffective, the use of quarantine will be most beneficial when there is significant asymptomatic transmission and if the asymptomatic period is neither very long nor very short.

What is isolation?
Isolation is for people who are sick with an infectious disease.
• Isolation separates and restricts the movement of sick people so they can’t spread disease to healthy people.
• Isolation is a routine procedure in hospitals and healthcare facilities.
• Isolation is voluntary, but in a public health emergency, officials have the authority to isolate people who are sick

What is Quarantine?
Quarantine is for people who have been exposed to an infectious disease, but are not sick.
• Quarantine separates and restricts the movement of people who have been exposed to an infectious disease and may become contagious.
• Quarantined people may or may not become sick.
• Quarantined people may stay at home so they don’t spread disease to healthy people.
• If you are quarantined and you become ill, you can seek medical treatment from a healthcare provider.
• Quarantine is voluntary, but in a public health emergency, officials have the authority to quarantine people who have been exposed to an infectious disease.

House Island
The island was later the site of an immigration quarantine station from 1907 to 1937, and was considered the 'Ellis Island of the North'. The quarantine station was busiest in the early 1920s, after the adoption of the Emergency Quota Act, which restricted the number of immigrants who could enter the country. In November 1923, the ships President Polk and George Washington were diverted from New York City to Portland,[4] and 218 immigrants from those ships were quarantined at the station.[5]The island was considered "ideal"[6] by immigration officials. A Grand Trunk Railway station was located at the docks in Portland, allowing easy rail access for immigrants arriving in Portland. Additionally, William Husband, Commissioner General of United States Immigration, said the whole island was secure and "The whole of House Island was available in that case, instead of those detained being obliged to go out under guard with only few patches of green grass upon which they might set foot, as at some other places."[7]The 1920 brick detention barracks have been demolished, but the original 1907 buildings remain, including the doctor's house, the detention barracks, and the quarantine hospital.

Quarantine Island / Kamau Taurua
The island served as the quarantine station for Otago from 1863 until 1924. When ships arrived in Otago harbour with infectious diseases, the passengers were sent to Quarantine Island until they were well or died. There is a small cemetery on the island.
Only one of the quarantine buildings from these years is still standing, and this has currently begun to be restored.

Glenn Dale Hospital
Glenn Dale Hospital was a tuberculosis sanatorium and isolation hospital in Glenn Dale, Maryland, in the United States. It is a large facility, consisting of 23 buildings on 216 acres (87 ha), that was built in 1934 and closed in 1981 due to asbestos.
Though it is now closed and may be eventually demolished, for decades it was an important public health institution near Washington, DC. The Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission Park Police patrol the hospital grounds regularly.
Wikipedia Commons / Firsttoscore

Sydney Quarantine station
The Sydney Quarantine station is located on North Head and is one of the few still-existing facilities that once operated in each state of Australia until the 1980s. From 1828, Spring Cove, on the western side of North Head, was used to quarantine new arrivals to Sydney to minimise the spread of communicable diseases such as smallpox and whooping cough. In 1832, the whole area of North Head was set aside for a quarantine station.[1] A permanent quarantine facility was set up in 1837 and continued to operate until 1984.
In 1975, Vietnamese refugees were housed there; and, in 1975 and 1976, Cyclone Tracy victims from Darwin, Northern Territory were also house there.[1] The Station was finally closed in 1984 and the management of the site passed to the New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service.[2]

Lunar Receiving Laboratory
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_Receiving_Laboratory
The Lunar Receiving Laboratory (LRL) was a facility at NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center (Building 37) that was constructed to quarantine astronauts and material brought back from the Moon during the Apollo program to mitigate the risk of back-contamination. After recovery at sea, crews from Apollo 11, Apollo 12 and Apollo 14 walked from their helicopter to the Mobile Quarantine Facility on the deck of an aircraft carrier and were brought to the LRL for quarantine. Samples of rock and regolith that the astronauts collected and brought back were flown directly to the LRL and initially analyzed in glovebox vacuum chambers.
Wikipedia Commons / Public Domain / NASA

Pest House (Concord, Massachusetts)
The Ephraim Potter House, a historic house and former pest house at 158 Fairhaven Road in Concord, Massachusetts, is also known as the Pest House, a name used in the 18th century to describe a building in which to quarantine those afflicted with communicable diseases such as tuberculosis, cholera, or smallpox.[1][2][3][4][5]
Wikipedia Commons / John Phelan

Foleyet, Ontario train quarantine
On May 9, 2008, a woman died of natural causes on a train operated by Via Rail. Ten of the 264 passengers were showing flu-like symptoms; however, these turned out to be unrelated to the earlier death. As the train was held in quarantine for ten hours, the item made the national Canadian and other international news media.[8][9]
Wikipedia Commons / Times Editor

Rhin (quarantine ship)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarantine#History
The quarantine ship Rhin, at large in Sheerness. Source: National Maritime Museum of Greenwich, London.
Wikipedia Commons / Public Domain

Lazzaretto Vecchio
The Lazzaretto Vecchio is an island of the Venetian Lagoon, northern Italy, located near the Lido of Venice. Between 1403 and 1630 it housed a hospital which cared for people during the plague epidemics and as a leprosarium. It was later used, as were other islands, as a military post. It covers an area 2.53 hectares (6.3 acres) large.
Since 2004 archaeologists have unearthed more than 1500 skeletons of plague victims buried here between the 15th and 17th centuries. These have been found in individual as well as in mass graves. The remains of thousands more are expected still to be found on the small island as the death-toll reportedly reached 500 per day in the 16th century.[1]

Rainsford Island (aka Hospital Island)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainsford_Island
Between 1737 and 1925 the island has served as a quarantine hospital, unmarked burial ground for the diseased and criminals,[1][4] almshouse, veterans hospital, reform school, and resort. However only foundations and a dilapidated seawall still survive from these uses.[3]

Quail Island, New Zealand
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quail_Island,_New_Zealand
Europeans briefly farmed it in 1851, before it was turned into a quarantine station in 1875, and later into a small leper colony from 1907–1925, while being used as a hospital during the influenza epidemic of 1907.[1]

Swinburne and Hoffman Islands
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swinburne_Island
After several cholera pandemics in the nineteenth century, the federal government built Swinburne and Hoffman islands to serve as areas of quarantine for immigrants arriving by ship and carrying contagious diseases.[1] Along with Hoffman Island, which was constructed in 1873, Swinburne was used through the early 20th century to quarantine immigrants to the United States who were found to be suffering dangerous contagious diseases upon arrival at the Port of New York. Immigrants suspected of having such diseases were taken to the quarantine hospital and were not allowed to go to Ellis Island for entry until they were shown to be well or were cured of the disease. The island was used to quarantine patients during the last cholera outbreak in the United States in 1910-1911, which started with a passenger from Naples on the Moltke, a ship of the Hamburg-American line.[2][3] Swinburne was the second built, about a mile south of the earlier island, and it has a crematorium. The island was originally called Dix Island, but was renamed in honor of Dr. John Swinburne (1820–1899), a military surgeon during the American Civil War.[4][5]

Spinalonga Island leper colony
The island was subsequently used as a leper colony from 1903 to 1957. It is notable for being one of the last active leper colonies in Europe. The last inhabitant, a priest, left the island in 1962.

United States Immigration Station, Angel Island
From 1910-1940, Angel Island was an immigration station where immigrants entering the United States were detained and interrogated.
The detention facility was considered ideal because of its isolated location, making it very easy to control migrants, enforce the new immigration laws as well as any outbreaks of disease.[3]

Molokai
Historically, a small north shore colony on Molokaʻi, Kalaupapa, was the place where sufferers of Hansen's Disease were forced into quarantine by the Hawaiian government, but there are no active cases of Hansen's Disease on Molokaʻi today. Those who continue to live in the settlement are patients who chose to stay after the segregation policy was lifted in 1969.[2][3]

Grosse Isle, Quebec
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grosse_Isle,_Quebec
In 1832, the Lower Canadian Government had previously set up this depot to contain an earlier cholera epidemic that was believed to be caused by the large influx of European immigrants, and the station was reopened in the mid-Nineteenth Century to accommodate Irish migrants who had contracted typhus during their voyages. Thousands of Irish were quarantined on Grosse Isle from 1832 to 1848.

Sveti Petar (island)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sveti_Petar_(island)
In the history, Sveti Petar served as a quarantine on the way to Venice, from this era, the ship berths and the remains of the administration building are still visible.

Gruinard Island
Gruinard was the site of a biological warfare test by British military scientists from Porton Down in 1942, during the Second World War.[9] At that time there was an investigation by the British government into the feasibility of an attack using anthrax: to test the vulnerability of Britain against a German attack and the viability of attacking Germany with a British bio-weapon.[10]
For many years it was judged too hazardous and expensive to decontaminate the island sufficiently to allow public access. Gruinard Island was quarantined indefinitely as a result.

Chacachacare Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chacachacare#History
About 1887 a stone pier and a large house for the use of a sanatorium was erected on the island by S. Chittendon. At present there is only a lighthouse on the west and the Leper Asylum on the island."[2]

Peel Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peel_Island
During the mid-19th century Peel Island was used as a quarantine station for the colony of Brisbane. Sailing ships would anchor to the north of the Island, the passengers would disembark on Peel Island for a quarantine period before moving on to Dunwich on nearby North Stradbroke Island. The arriving sailing ships would be fumigated and scrubbed down with carbolic to sanitise them before they ventured on to Brisbane with the new arrivals.[2] Remains of the old quarantine station are at the south west corner of the island where the old well can be found.

Robben Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robben_Island#Moturu_Kramat
The island was also used as a leper colony and animal quarantine station.[12] Starting in 1845 lepers from the Hemel-en-Aarde (heaven and earth) leper colony near Caledon were moved to Robben Island when Hemel-en-Aarde was found unsuitable as a leper colony. Initially this was done on a voluntary basis and the lepers were free to leave the island if they so wished.[13] In April 1891 the cornerstones for 11 new buildings to house lepers were laid. After the introduction of the Leprosy Repression Act in May 1892 admission was no longer voluntary and the movement of the lepers was restricted. Prior to 1892 an average of about 25 lepers a year were admitted to Robben Island, but in 1892 that number rose to 338, and in 1893 a further 250 were admitted.[13]

Sheldrake Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheldrake_Island
The lazaretto was established in 1844, on the site of a cholera[2] quarantine station from 1832. 44 lepers were landed in July 19,[3] 1844, the majority being Acadians,[1] from the Tracadie-Neguac area.The island also contained housing for typhus patients, but the lepers objected to this. The arrival of a ship from Ireland with many typhus and smallpox patients forced them to be moved to Middle Island.[4]

Fantome Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fantome_Island
In 1940 a leprosarium was established on the island; Upon its closure in 1973,[2] it was purged by fire. The island is the site of 200 graves. The island was also a mission under the influence of Franciscan Missionaries of Mary

St. Wendel, Homberg (Efze)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homberg_(Efze)#Buildings
In 1247, south of the town at the foot of the Schmückeberg (mountain) lay the Sondersiechenhaus St. Wendelin ("St. Wendelin Special Sickhouse") with a chapel and a mill. The last time when a leper is known to have been there was 1652. The building later served as a plague house and a homeless shelter. The crumbling building complex was torn down in 1786. This leper colony belonged to a network of all together 68 places and 71 colonies evenly scattered all over what is today Hesse.

St Giles leper hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_Giles_in_the_Fields
The first recorded church on this site was a chapel of the parish of Holborn attached to a monastery and leper hospital founded by Matilda of Scotland, the wife of Henry I, in 1101.[1][2] At that time, it stood well outside the boundaries of the city of London, though on the main road to Tyburn and Oxford. This chapel probably came to function as the church of the small village that grew up to provide services to the hospital.

St James's  leper hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St_James%27s_Palace
[St James's palace was] built by Henry VIII on the site of a leper hospital, dedicated to Saint James the Less, the palace remained secondary in importance to the Palace of Whitehall for the majority of Tudor and Stuart monarchs.

Kabalenge Leprosy Settlement (leprosarium)

Funzi Island
Book: "Zanzibar: Its History and Its People" by W.H. Ingrams / Page 116
It is said that they built the fort at Funzi Island, off the west coast of Pemba, which island is now a leper settlement, and has a British Naval cemetery on it.

Kalaupapa leprosy settlement
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalaupapa,_Hawaii
The village is the site of a former settlement for leprosy patients. The original leper colony was first established in Kalawao in the east, opposite to the village corner of the peninsula. It was there where Father Damien settled in 1873. Later it was moved to the location of the current village, which was originally a Hawaiian fishing village. The settlement was also attended by Mother Marianne Cope, among others. At its peak, about 1,200 men, women, and children were in exile in this island prison. The isolation law was enacted by King Kamehameha V and remained in effect until 1969, when it was finally repealed. Today, about fourteen former sufferers of leprosy (which is also known as Hansen's Disease) continue to live there.[5] The colony is now part of Kalaupapa National Historical Park.

Buttevant leper hospice
In addition, a hospice for lepers was established about a mile to the North East outside of the town wall. This basic structure was repeated in nearby Castletownroche, where it is still clearly to be seen, in Glanworth, Mallow, and in Kilmallock and Adare.

Renwick Smallpox Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smallpox_Hospital
Despite the availability of the smallpox vaccine, New York City still had large outbreaks of the disease, in part because of the arrival of infected immigrants.[9] Located on the isolated southern tip of the island in an attempt to quarantine patients, the hospital contained a large charity ward in addition to private rooms on the upper floors.[9] In 1875, the hospital closed and became a training center for nurses attached to City Hospital, later renamed Charity Hospital.[5]
Wikipedia Commons / Public Domain

Essex Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essex_Hospital
The Essex Hospital was a privately built smallpox inoculation hospital on Cat Island (now Children's Island) where many people were effectively inoculated against smallpox in 1773–1774. About a year after it opened, it was burned to the ground by paranoid and angry townspeople of Marblehead, Massachusetts.

Tulsa Smallpox Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_facilities_in_Tulsa
In 1900, a smallpox epidemic struck Tulsa. Surgeon Dr. Fred S. Clinton and four Tulsa businessmen (J. H. McBirney, Sam H. McBirney, Vic Pranter and Jack Dietz) set up a hospital for contagious patients in a six room cottage near Archer Avenue and Greenwood Street. Dr. Clinton was the acknowledged leader, while the other four each invested fifty dollars to equip the facility and served as trustees. After the epidemic had passed, the facility was used for other types of patients. The facility closed after only one year of operation, apparently without even receiving a formal name.[1]

Peterborough District Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterborough_District_Hospital
The War Memorial Hospital, which opened on Midland Road in 1928, was transferred to the National Health Service in 1948, coming under No. 12 Group (Peterborough and Stamford) Hospitals Management Committee of the East Anglian Regional Hospitals Board. Also transferred were Thorpe Hall (maternity 1943–1970), The Gables (maternity 1947–1970), the Smallpox Hospital (1884–1970), Isolation Hospital (1901–1981), and St. John's Close (mentally ill c.1930–1971). The neo-Georgian Memorial Hospital (now the Memorial Wing) was later enlarged by the massive addition of Peterborough District Hospital, built in continuous phases between 1960 and 1968 and including, from 1970, Peterborough Maternity Unit.[1]

Surrey Smallpox Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milford_Hospital
Milford Hospital is located in the Surrey village of Milford. It is part of the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK the hospital was opened in 1929. The hospital has had a number of different names over its history. These have ranged from; The Surrey County Sanatorium, Surrey Smallpox Hospital, Milford Sanatorium, Milford Chest Hospital and most recently Milford Hospital. Currently the hospital cares for the elderly and in rehabilitation. The site is located next to Milford railway station. The hospital has an orchard and a local recreation ground. It also has accommodation (now closed) for Nurses.

Hospital Point in Beverly, Massachusetts
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverly_Fort
Beverly Fort was a fort that existed from 1775 to 1776 and in 1814 on Hospital Point in Beverly, Massachusetts. In 1801, a smallpox hospital was built there, and was used in 1814 as a barracks. The J-shaped earthwork of the fort still exists today.[1]

Crimicar Lane Hospital
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crimicar_Lane_Hospital
The hospital opened in November 1902 by the Hospitals Committee of Sheffield Corporation as a facility for the treatment of smallpox, it consisted of two 21 bed wards, an eight bedded isolation block, administration building, and a building for disinfecting and laundering garments. Prior to World War I almost all admissions were smallpox cases. However, a successful vaccination programme saw the number of patients drop significantly as the disease was almost eradicated. This led to Crimicar Lane admitting increasing numbers of tuberculosis and silicosis cases, many of which were connected with Sheffield’s cutlery industry, which used grindstones and buffing wheels for polishing, creating a large amount of gritty dust which caused respiratory diseases.

HMS Endymion (1865)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Endymion_(1865)
Emdymion was lent to the Metropolitan Asylums Board in 1881 for use as an administration and hospital ship, initially at Greenwich, Kent and later at Dartford. She was sold out of service in 1885, and served as an administration ship until 1904. Endymion was sold in December 1904 and broken up in 1905

Clayton Infectious Diseases Hospital
When the Manchester Ship Canal opened, and the city became an inland port, an isolation hospital was required to nurse sailors with infectious diseases. Originally known as Clayton Infectious Diseases Hospital, it was shown on the Ordnance Survey map of 1909. By 1933, it became known as Clayton Smallpox Hospital.
On the north bank of the River Medlock, opposite the site of the print works, the foundation stone is clearly visible along with brick walling on top of the stonework. To the south of the river stood the nurses home, known as Clayton House. The site also contained other associated buildings.

Inchkeith
In 1497, the island was (along with Inchgarvie, a few miles away) used as an isolated refuge for victims of the 'Grandgore' (sometimes known as "glandgore" in those days), or modern-day syphilis in Edinburgh.[13] The 'grandgor' was recognised in the 1497 Minutes of the Town Council of Edinborough (Phil. Trans. XLII. 421) "This contagious sickness callit the Grandgor.". The Grandgore Act was passed in September 1497, causing Inchkeith, as well as other islands in the Firth, such as Inchgarvie, to be made a place of Compulsory Retirement for people suffering from this disease.[14] They were told to board a ship at Leith and once there, "there to remain till God provide for their health". It is probable that they all died.

Ripapa Island
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ripapa_Island
In the late 19th century the island was used as a quarantine station for ships arriving from Britain, though 1880 saw the use of the quarantine buildings as a prison, notably for members of the Parihaka Māori settlement in Taranaki during its passive resistance campaign against the surveying and selling of its land by the government.[1] The quarantine buildings were dismantled when the Island was incorporated into the coastal defence scheme.[2]

Culion leper colony
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culion_leper_colony
The Culion Leper Colony was a former leprosarium located on Culion, an island in the Palawan province of the Philippines. It was established by the US government in order to rid leprosy from the Philippine islands through the only method known at the time: isolating all existing cases and gradually phasing out the disease from the population.[1] In addition to segregating the disease from the rest of the population, the island was later established in order to offer a better opportunity for people afflicted with leprosy to receive adequate care and modern treatments.[2]

Apollo 11 Mobile Quarantine Facility,  USS Hornet
After touchdown on the Hornet, the astronauts exited the helicopter, leaving the flight surgeon and three crewmen. The helicopter was then lowered into hangar bay #2 where the astronauts walked the 30 feet (9.1 m) to the Mobile Quarantine Facility (MQF) where they would begin their 21 days of quarantine. This practice would continue for two more Apollo missions, Apollo 12 and Apollo 14, before the Moon was proven to be barren of life and the quarantine process dropped.[58][59]
Wikipedia Commons / Public Domain / NASA

33rd Regiment Alabama Infantry Quarantine
During the 33rd's time in Tullahoma, several members of Company I (from Dale County) contracted smallpox, apparently from a soldier who had been on furlough to Columbus, Georgia.[38] The entire regiment was ordered into quarantine, which entailed moving away from the rest of the army and into a nearby creek swamp, where they established camp on high ground and waited out the epidemic. Those who died there were buried in the swamp by other members of their mess, but were not accorded the military honors usually given to those who died in camp or in battle.[39]

2009 flu pandemic quarantine @ the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
The 2009 flu pandemic in the Philippines is a part of larger global flu epidemic that involves new Influenza A virus strain, H1N1. The pandemic reached the Philippines on May 21, 2009 when a young Filipina girl first contracted the A(H1N1) virus while vacationing in Houston, Texas, US. In the following days, several local cases were reported to be caused by contact with two infected Taiwanese women who attended a wedding ceremony in Zambales.The 10-year-old Filipina girl arrived at the country on May 18 and was hospitalized the day after at the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine in Muntinlupa City. On May 21, Department of Health (DOH) secretary Francisco Duque confirmed the case being the first Philippine swine flu case.

Point Nepean Quarantine Station
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_Nepean
The Point Nepean Quarantine Station was opened in 1852 and is the second oldest intact quarantine station in Australia. It contains the oldest buildings erected for quarantine purposes in Australia, four of the main hospital buildings (established in 1857), pre-dating the oldest intact quarantine-related structures at North Head, Sydney, by sixteen years. The Quarantine Station operated until 1980.[citation needed]

HMS Otter (1805)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Otter_(1805)
Otter was fitted for ordinary at Plymouth in April 1811.[2] She remained in ordinary at Plymouth through 1812 to 1813 and was then was fitted for quarantine service as a lazaretto for Pembroke between February and April 1814. She was finally sold, to J. Holmes for £610, on 6 March 1828.[2]

Eastern Creek Quarantine Station
Four Japanese racing stallions had arrived at Eastern Creek Quarantine Station earlier in August 2007, soon after an outbreak of EI in Japan. By Tuesday 21 August, several horses at Eastern Creek showed symptoms of a viral infection and subsequently tested positive for equine influenza. On the same day, several recreational horses at Centennial Parklands Equestrian Centre also displayed symptoms of infection. There was no direct contact between horses at Eastern Creek and horses at Centennial Park and investigations are underway.
A combination of control measures was successful in combating the outbreak.

Metropark Hotel, Wanchai, Hong Kong
On 1 May [2009], Hong Kong Chief Executive Donald Tsang told reporters that tests performed by the Department of Health and the University of Hong Kong confirmed that a 25-year-old Mexican citizen who had traveled to the city via Shanghai on a China Eastern Airlines flight was infected with swine flu.[1][7] In light of this, Tsang raised Hong Kong's influenza pandemic alertness level to "emergency" from "serious". This first confirmed case of swine flu in Hong Kong was also the first confirmed case in Asia. The man had developed a fever after arriving in Hong Kong, and was then isolated in Princess Margaret Hospital, the hospital designated to handle swine flu cases.[8] The hotel where the traveller had stayed, the Metropark Hotel in Wanchai,[9] was quarantined and about 200 guests and 100 staff were instructed to remain in the hotel for seven days regardless of whether or not they had come into contact with the traveller.[7] Authorities also made an effort to track down anybody who had made contact with the traveller, with Chow appealing to those who were on the same flight as the traveller to contact health officials.[10]

Surry (ship) at Port Jackson
A typhus epidemic on board Surry had killed 36 of the convicts, together with the Surgeon, First and Second Mates, Boatswain, two seamen and four of the guard. When Surry arrived, the authorities placed all the survivors under a strict quarantine in a camp on the "North Shore" of Port Jackson. Quarantine restrictions on the ship were lifted within a couple of weeks but the restrictions on the camp lasted a few more days.[8] Broxbornebury suffered only two deaths amongst its 120 female convicts, which was a typical death toll for such a voyage.[3][5]

Portuguese slaver Vincedora (smallpox quarantine)
The ships set sail for Rio de Janeiro, arriving there on 10 September when the slaves were transferred to the hulk Crescent under the supervision of Sir Thomas Paisley.[5] Paisley said that he had "never witnessed anything so shocking", particularly as most of the slaves were suffering from emaciation and sores and others were infected by smallpox and had to be quarantined aboard the Vincedora.[5] The slaves included parentless children, babies and a harem of women for the brigantine's crew.[5] Although the slaves continued to die over the next month, most recovered to be set free.[5] The event was recorded in the memoirs of Sir Astley Cooper Key.[5]

USS Albatross
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Albatross_(1858)
Late in September 1862, yellow fever broke out in Albatross. Upon the recommendation of the ship's surgeon, Commander French sailed to Pensacola, Florida where she arrived on 4 October. Farragut placed the steamer in quarantine, and she was forbidden to communicate with the rest of the squadron.

2009 Swine influenza quarantine
On May 2, Canadian Food Inspection Agency executive vice-president Brian Evans announced that an infected Alberta farm worker recently returned from Mexico had apparently passed the virus to a swine herd in his care. Although the herd had been quarantined, Evans stressed that the infection represented no threat to food safety and judged the possibility of infected pigs passing the virus back to humans "remote". Evans said the infection of the herd was the first known case of the H1N1 virus being transmitted from humans to pigs.[15]

SS Alesia
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SS_Alesia
In September 1887, Alesia was placed in quarantine on arrival at New York due to an outbreak of cholera. Eight people had died from the disease on the journey from Marseilles, France and Naples, Italy.[6] By 10 October, the death toll was 25.[7] A further 2 deaths were reported,[8] before the ship came out of quarantine on 26 October.[9]

San Francisco bubonic plague quarantine of 1900
The San Francisco plague of 1900–1904 was an epidemic of bubonic plague centered on San Francisco's Chinatown. It was the first plague epidemic in the continental United States.[1] The epidemic was recognized by medical authorities in March 1900, but its existence was denied for more than two years by Henry Gage, the Governor of California. His denial was based on business reasons: the wish to keep the reputations of San Francisco and California clean and to prevent the loss of revenue from trade stopped by quarantine. The failure to act quickly may have allowed the disease to establish itself among local animal populations.[2] Federal authorities worked to build a case to prove that there was a major medical health problem, and they isolated the affected area.

20th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment quarantine
The unit was unable to participate in the battle of Chancellorsville due to a quarantine prompted by a tainted smallpox vaccine that had been issued to the unit's soldiers.[1]

Rangitoto College, New Zealand
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_flu_pandemic_in_Oceania
On Saturday 25 April 2009 ten students from Rangitoto College, a secondary school in North Shore City, Auckland, exhibited influenza symptoms on returning from a three-week language trip to Mexico. All 22 students and three accompanying teachers from the trip and those in close contact with them were placed in voluntary home isolation and treated with oseltamivir. The ten students tested positive for an influenza A virus,[25][26] with three of them later testing positive for swine flu.[27] The symptoms were reportedly mild and all affected individuals have since recovered.[28]

2009 pneumonic plague quarantine at Ziketan
The outbreak in Ziketan was first detected on Thursday, July 30, 2009. On August 2, the authorities quarantined Ziketan after a dozen people were sickened with pneumonic plague, a lung infection that can kill a human in 24 hours if left untreated.[3] Police checkpoints were set up in a 17-mile (27 km) radius around Ziketan, and residents were not allowed to leave. Streets have been largely deserted and most shops shut, and 23 quarantine stations have been set up in the town. The quarantine zone covers an area of 3,500 square kilometres (1,400 sq mi) centred on the town.

Amoy Gardens Apartments (SARS 2003)
On March 30 [2003], Hong Kong authorities quarantined estate E of the Amoy Gardens Apartment due to a massive (200+ cases) outbreak in the building.

North Brother Island (Typhoid Mary)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Typhoid_Mary
Mary Mallon (September 23, 1869 – November 11, 1938), better known as Typhoid Mary, was the first person in the United States identified as an asymptomatic carrier of the pathogen associated with typhoid fever. She was presumed to have infected 53 people, three of whom died, over the course of her career as a cook.[1] She was twice forcibly isolated by public health authorities and died after a total of nearly three decades in isolation.
After arresting her [the second time], public health authorities returned her to quarantine on North Brother Island on March 27, 1915. She was still unwilling to have her gallbladder removed.[10] Mallon remained confined for the remainder of her life.

Bedloe's Island (Liberty Island)
With smallpox and yellow fever threatening to strike New York, the City Council sets up a quarantine anchorage off Bedloe's Island (home of the Statue of Liberty today). The island becomes a quarantine station for contagious passengers and crew from arriving ships.

Lazaretto (Philadelphia) quarantine station
With memories still fresh of a nasty 1793 yellow fever epidemic that struck Philadelphia, then the capital of the United States, the city builds an expansive quarantine station called the Lazaretto along the Delaware River about 10 miles south of town. Occupying ten acres, the building still exists today.

Virginia Steamer Cholera Quarantine
1866 -  In April the steamer Virginia arrives in New York harbor from Liverpool, its passengers riddled with cholera. Discovering that 35 steerage passengers and two crew have died during the voyage, the city's health officer orders a swift quarantine. This and other strict quarantines undertaken during the ensuing epidemic prove successful in limiting deaths to about 600, a modest number compared to previous outbreaks

NYC tuberculosis quarantine of 1903
1903 In an attempt to isolate tuberculosis patients, the New York City Department of Health opens a quarantine facility at Riverside Hospital on North Brother Island, an islet in the East River. Mary Mallon, aka "Typhoid Mary," begins what becomes a total of 26 years of quarantine here in 1907.

NYC poliomyletis quarantine
1916 - When an epidemic of poliomyletis strikes New York residents, authorities begin forcibly separating children from their parents and placing them in quarantine. Wealthy parents, however, can keep their stricken children at home if they can provide a separate room and medical care. By November the epidemic has runs its course, but not before killing more than 2,300 mostly young New Yorkers.

U.S. prostitute quarantine
1917-1919 - During World War I, American authorities incarcerate more than 30,000 prostitutes in an effort to curb the spread of venereal disease. The historian Allan Brandt has called this effort "the most concerted attack on civil liberties in the name of public health in American history."

NYC tuberculosis quarantine of 1990s
1990s - To help control multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, New York City detains more than 200 people who refuse voluntary treatment, confining most of them to the secure ward of a hospital for about six months. One patient said the hardest part of this enforced treatment was "being bored like an oyster."

Ragusa quarantine station
1377 - ...the town of Ragusa establishes a quarantine station where all people arriving from plague-infested regions are kept isolated for a month for "purification by sun and wind."

Marseille maritime quarantine station
1521 - France's first maritime quarantine opens at Marseilles. A century later, city officials enact a law forbidding travelers from entering the city without a preliminary medical examination.

Boston harbor quarantine
1647 - With infectious diseases in mind, officials in Boston draw up an ordinance requiring all arriving ships to pause at the harbor entrance or risk a $100 fine.

Roma Trastevere quarantine
1656  - After a plague epidemic kills 100,000 people in Naples, Rome begins inspecting all incoming ships and patrolling its border in hopes of keeping the plague out. When Romans start dying from plague in the city's Trastevere slum and Jewish ghetto, officials seal and monitor these districts. It does little good: in the coming months, about 10,000 people in Rome succumb to plague.

Hines Hospital 1938 Diphtheria Quarantine

Stockton diphtheria quarantine
http://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH18980318.2.77
STOCKTON, March 17.—There are two cases of diphtheria ln the family of Manuel Enos, on South Monroe street. The cases were reported to Health Officer Ruggtes last Friday, and since then the house has been under strict quarantine, and no one except the attending physician Is allowed to pnss ln or out of the house. Two children are down with the disease, and a sign In front of the house reads: "Diphtheria here; keep out." The children had been attending the Jackson school, corner of San Joaquin nnd Jackson streets. Pupils who had been sitting In adjoining seats were sent home and have not been allowed to attend school since then, as it Is feared that some of them may have caught the disease.

Menomonie scarlet fever quarantines
Thursday, Jan. 16. 1936 - Scarlet fever makes some advances in city. One case added Monday and another Tuesday, brought the total number of quarantines for scarlet fever in Menomonie to twelve, Russell Harding, health officer, stated Tuesday. The illness is on an increase and he expects still more cases to be reported and homes placarded. Last spring, Harding recalls, there were a total of 16 cases of scarlet fever in the city.